मरे हुए पेड़ो को जिन्दा किया जा सकता है।
Date:
22 June 2020
Dead Trees can be
alived
मरे हुए पेड़ो को जिन्दा किया जा सकता है।
-डॉ.राम बजाज
The diversity of
microbes associated with plant roots is enormous in order of tens of thousands
of species. But research revealed that plants trees are able to shape their
“Rhizosphere” microbiome as evidenced by the facts that different plant species
host specific microbial communities when grown on the same soil. So we collect
different sample of soil from plants of five species under their plant roots.
We also collect
different sample of soils from different trees of five species namely Pimple,
Neem, Khejari (खेजड़ी) and Rohira (रोहिडा).
These plants/trees are
also able to recruit protective micro-organisms for their pathogen or insect
attack. The “Rhizosphere” is the narrow region of soil-that is directly
influenced by root secretions and associated soil micro-organism known
as root microbiome. The rhizosphere contains many “Bacteria” and other
micro-organisms that feed plants all and symbiosis take places with more
complex interactions and take sugar and proteins released by roots.
50
years old Bigan Bellia-planted in the year 1970, now dead on January 2020
Soil
Microbiology is the study of these
micro-organisms in soils their functions and low they affect soil properties.
Micro-organisms can be classified as bacteria, actinomycetes, fungi, algae and
protozoa. Each of these groups is characteristics that define then their
functions in soil.
Remember that up to 10
billion bacterial cells in habit each grains of soil in and around plant roots.
More than 33,000
bacterial and archaeal specious on sugar beet roots-so we add sugar beet
roots in our “soil biology”.
Soil
Fertility
It is capacity to enrich
natural and agricultural plants is dependent upon three components:
i.Physical
fertility refers to the physical properties of soil including its structure
terture and water absorption and holding capacity and root penetration.
ii.
Chemical fertility
involves nutrient levels and presence of chemical conditions such as acidity,
alkalinity and salinity that may harmful or toxic to the plant or tree.
iii.
And most importantly the
biological fertility refers to the organisms that live in the soil and interact
with other components.
It is the
microbiological element, the rich diversity of the organisms such as bacteria,
fungi, viruses, algae that forms interactive microbial communities that are
most complex and paradoxically, the least well understood. Soil microbial
communities underpin the productivity of all agricultural enterprises and
primary drivers in ecological processes such as the nutrient and carbon
cycling.
Under our feet-soil
microorganism as a primary Driver of Essential Ecological processes. Each of
these groups such as bacteria, Actinomycetales, fungi, algae, protozoa and
viruses, has different characteristics and different functions in the soil
it lives in. Most importantly these organisms to not exists in
isolation, but they interact and these interactions influence soil
fertility as much or more than the organisms individual activities.
Microbes can make nutrients
and minerals in the soil available to plants or tree produce “hormones”
that spur growth, stimulate the plant immune system. By contrast healthy-biological
enrich soil can increases fertility in multiple ways, including
supply of nutrients such as nitrogen and protecting against pests and diseases,
while reducing the need of water and other inputs.
The group of bacteria
called “Rhizobia” live inside the roots of lugmes for fix nitrogen from air
into biologically use full form, where as “Mycorrhiza” or Root Fungi” form a
dense network of thin filaments that reach far into the soil, acting as extensions
of plants root they live on or it. These fungi facilitate the uptake of water
and wide range of nutrients.
Soil
Food Web
An incredible diversity
of organisms makes the soil food web. They range in size from the tiniest one
called bacteria, algae, fungi and protozoa to more complex nematodes
and micro arthropods the visible-earthworms, insects small vertebrates
and plants. All these organisms eat grow and move through soil, they make it
possible to clean water, clean air, healthy plants.
Bacteria & Fungi are
the decomposers. But bacteria are most nutrient dense living organisms on this
planet and are also the primary decomposers or organic matter, without trees,
we would be smothered in our own waste in a matter of months.
They divide by single
cell division, which is one cell divides and make two cells and so on.
They can multiply faster than other micro-organisms like fungi protozoa
and nematodes. Our nature has designed the soil food web in such a way
that the main food sources for higher organisms have the highest reproduction
rate.
At 60OF, I grow communities of these unique soil micro-organisms and
used directly in the soil of dead trees to balance the soils. Rebuild the
soil food-web. Organic matter is the building block of the soil food-web.
Therefore you should put as much organic matter back into the soil as possible.
- The
biological enrich soil collected from the various-plants roots & trees
are mixed with organic compounds, including manure and plant residue and
humus prepared for this.
a. 10kg fresh cow dung, 5kg cow urine, 2kg molasses
& 2kg flours (बेसन), mixed with 10kg water & keep this mixture
open under the tree for 3 days.
b.
Kitchen wastes 10kg,
Charcoal 10kg, Molasses 2kg, Rice 1kg, Humus 10kg, Wheat 10kg, Crashed
sugar cane 10kg, Chicken manures 2kg, Wooden saw dust, Wooden chips & Rice
lusts.
2.
How to Grow Own Mycorrhizal Fungi
a.
Growing our own
“Mycorrhizal Fungi” with chicken manure and wooden dust & shavings.
b.
From fresh
potatoes-washing water and adding molasses kept open for 7 days.
c.
Technique to harvest
microbes from the root stock of old healthy tree-rice in a cotton smaller beg
and put it in the 1½ft deep hole of root stock of old healthy tree for 15
days-without “aeration” because it is fermentation process that grows
bacteria.
3.
Aerate the Soil Roots do need air
Most of the soil food web and trees root are
alive. They need air to survive. Most soils in the dead tree are compacted and
need aeration. The plastic bottles-put in the reverse direction with complete
opening of bottom in upward direction-will increase the air circulation in the
soil be Bernoulli theorem. Bernoulli way of Bernoulli’s low
creating-less-pressure in the neck of the bottom- which is laid inside the soil
& nearer to the roots of dead trees.
Cell in leaves get plenty of oxygen from
photosynthesis but cell in roots often need to get oxygen from the
environment to stay alive. Even though roots are buried, they can absorb oxygen
from small air spaces in the soil. That is why the plastic bottles put down
wards-with open end of bottom in the atmosphere will-creates a pressure to
increases the velocity or speed of air in the neck or near the neck to flow air
inside the soil & roots of the tree. This will increase the growth of tree
by 20% to 20% up with oxygen only-having Nitrogen gas mixed with air by 78%.
Make or drills holes in the Rhizosphere up to 6" to 12" depth.
4.
Nicely aerated soil
would mixed with “tree brak”, vermi compast, sand, pebbles.
5.
Put Earthworms from the
market in the soil. They also improve the soil aeration and enhance plant root
penetration.
6.
Girdling treatment (Two
smaller cuts on the skin of shoot round for not coming water down). Burnet
Trees or Dead trees will grows without fails & epicormic buds.
7.
Paste the biological
soil-on the shoots of tree. The above mixture of soil biology designed with
nature-the soil food web and the roots are aerated as indicated above any “dead
tree” will alive hundred percent guaranteed.
Dead
bigan bellia alived in June 2020-summer having 48OC temperature
The “Epicormic buds” are
triggered into the life and start to grow. Once these buds sprout, the tree
begin to re-grow all the lost foliage and gradually recover time-within 4
months to 5 months period. The first few leaves to sprout from these epicormic
buds may look very different to the leaves that were on the tree before it was burnt/dead.
These few leaves are juvenile leaves and will soon be replaced by adult leaves
which are often larger.
Plants/Tree cells
perform cellular respiration just like animal cells do, and this process
requires oxygen. Respiration take place in the “Mitochondria” cells in the
pressure of oxygen which is called aerobic respiration.
So the arrangements of
supply of air-means supply of oxygen by means of holes in the top soil up to
6" to one feet within the area of “Rhizosphere” by means of plastic
bottles or pipe & by means of soils.
Grow
below Ground in Trees or Plant-Root Growth
Roots of tree can grown
in length diameter and numbers. At the “tip of a root” is the root cap.
This cap protects the root and must be constantly replaced as a root pushes
through soil. Behind the root cap is meristem which produces-new cells for the
root cup and for root elongation. More the oxygen available for the root
caps-the more the new cells produces. These more new cells elongate, divide and
differentiate into root parts as it pushes through the soil. More the oxygen
available the more roots parts available for the grow of the roots and the
growth of tree.
Root can also grow new
lateral roots that form and branch off the main root. Some cells which need
oxygen-located in a layer inside new meristem divides and elongates pushing the
root out through the parent root.
summer-where
no flowers will be available in 48OC temperature.
Above
Ground Growth of Tree
“Shoot Growth” shoots
elongate or grow in height at the tips of branches. Apical meristems are
located in the terminal buds at the tip of branches. Cells at the apical meristem
divide elongate and differentiate in distinctly visible steps. But the at the
apical meristem need oxygen.
Step visible are: (1) The buds at the tip of the branch open (2)
Leaves emerge and enlarge (3) The area between the leaves expands i.e. the stem
grows. Side lateral buds also grow in the same way but often these are dormant
and do not grow until they are released after such activities as pruning.
Note:
It the shoots are (मिट्टी का लेप लगाना)- rapes up with biological soil-the oxygen and
water can observe by the “Apical Meristems”-this supply more oxygen to the
cells of apical meristem, by socking of water through biological soil pasted on
the shoots of the tree.
So
where does growth occur in a Tree
Growth occurs in
“meristem”. A meristem is a tissue containing cells that have the capacity to
divide to make new cells. Meristem can also produce new meristems called
“primordium”. For example an apical meristem is bud produces new meristem
called leaf primordium. Each leaf peimordium nill grow into a new leaf.
Contact
Details
Dr.Ram Bajaj
B.I.T.S, Pilani
Engineer
Scientist
Agriculturist
Economist
Author: Four Books
Email:info@rambajaj.com
Date - 24 June 2020
Time - 12:30 p.m
Date - 24 June 2020
Time - 12:30 p.m
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